Carnival of 1998 - Series Special Group of Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro - Unidos da Tijuca
Unidos da Tijuca emerged in Morro do Borel, a community located in the Tijuca neighborhood, in the North Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro.[12] From the 19th century onwards, the Tijuca mountain range began to be inhabited by freed slaves and their descendants.[13] At the same time, the families of the founders of Unidos da Tijuca – the Moraes, the Chagas, the Santos and the Vasconcelos – also settled in the complex of hills in Borel.[3] Morro do Salgueiro was the first favela in Tijuca. Soon after, Morro do Borel and Morro da Formiga appeared.[14] In 1921, the hills of Tijuca began to be occupied by the population removed from the city center with the urban reform of Mayor Pereira Passos.[15] Morro do Borel inherited the surname of two French brothers, from the Boreu Meuron family, owners of the Grande Fábrica de Cigarros, Fumos e Rapé de Borel & Cia, located uphill from the favela.[16][3] Several compositions by the association mention Morro do Borel, with the sambas of 1993 ("Sing Borel / Your race today is the color of honey"); from 2005 ("My paradise, there is no more perfect place / I make from Borel to Shangri-lá"); 2009 ("Crossed the sky at the edge of infinity / My Borel seen from above is more beautiful"); 2011 ("I'm from Borel of the warrior people"); among others.[2]
For many years, Unidos da Tijuca was headquartered in Morro do Borel. In 1988, due to violence on the hill, the school moved its block to the Santo Cristo neighborhood, in the Port Zone of Rio. In 2006, the space of the former headquarters, in Morro do Borel, was reactivated with the installation of the NGO Instituto Cidadania .[12] Despite being founded in Borel and having its court in Santo Cristo, the samba school was created to represent the entire neighborhood of Tijuca.[13] The region stands out for its pioneering spirit in industry, and for its educational and cultural hubs.[14] Three samba schools originated in the neighborhood (in addition to Unidos, Salgueiro and Império da Tijuca).[17] The place is also the birthplace of several personalities, such as Aldir Blanc, Bibi Ferreira, Ed Motta, Erasmo Carlos, Lamartine Babo, MC Nego do Borel, Milton Nascimento, Tim Maia, Tom Jobim, among others. It is also the only neighborhood in Rio that has an anthem, coat of arms, flag and gentilic ("tijucano").[18] The association paid tribute to Tijuca in the 1969 carnival, with the theme "Tijuca semper youth".
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